Machineries of blowroom

HOPPER FEEDER:

 

The cotton coming from previous machine is deposited on creeper latticed Reserve bin.  Creeper lattice will deliver the cotton on feed Lattice of main bin. Feed lattice will take cotton forward close to the inclined lattice. Swing door is used to maintain the constant level of cotton on feed latticeDue   to the spikes on the inclined lattice and direction   of movement, lumps bf cotton will  be carried upwards by the inclined lattice. Hard pressed layers of cotton are well combed by the spikes of inclined lattice.revolving   spikes of the evener roller    or    lattice beats and open the cotton.Due to the close space between evener lattice and inclined lattice and rotation of evener roller in a opposite direction, unopened excess lumps of cottons are thrown back into mixing bin.Stripping roller strip the cotton from inclined lattice and projects it over a grid bar system where sand, heavy trash are passed   through the spacing of the grid.

From stripping roller the cotton is deposited, layer by layer in. the reserve box and is taken into next machine by lattice in the form of uniform feeding across the full width of the scutcher.

Pneumatic Conveyor Air current setup by the fan with condenser in the blow   room line   suck   the   cotton tufts from one machine   and   transfer   or convey   to another through pneumatic conveyor and is fed    to   the next machine by condenser.

Object: The main object of hopper feeder is open and feed fiber properly for next process.

PORCUPINE OPENER  

The cotton fed by the previous opener is carried forward by the feed lattice. The sheet of cotton now pass between pedal and pedal roller. The weight of cotton fed per  unit time is maintained constant by this pedal    feed regulating motion.

Pedal roller feed the sheet of cotton in between pair of feed roller which is weighted to give necessary grip on the cotton. 16 circular disc are mounted on the shaft of this opener. 14 to 18 striker blades are rivitted alternatively on each circular disc. Each striker is bent to a slightly different angle.The compressed sheet of cotton delivered from the feed roller is heavily beated by the rapidly revolving striker of the porcupine beater against grid bar.Because of this beating action, the cotton is effectively opened and extracted trash particles are passed through the spacing of the grid bar.

At the end of the grid bar, stripping rail is provided, this is a metal bar which is set about 1/16 inch away from the end of the striker. This small clearance between stripping rail and striker   prevents bunches of cotton being carried around   by   the beater.

Step cleaner:

Condenser is employed to feed cotton to the step cleaner. Photo-cell arrangement in the reserve tower unit monitor the height of reserve fibre and signals stop or start commands to the proceeding machine. Cotton is fed from the reserve tower by pair of feed roller. According to the height of cotton level, photo cell in the reserve tower of subsequent machine, drive the feed Roller intermittently by motorised gear reduction unit.  

The rapid revolution of 6 beating cylinders (multiple beater)and beating of the spikes on cotton against grid bar centrifugal force and gravity combine effectively to open the cotton and remove the heavier impurities. 

Heavier impurities, dust & dirt particles, short fibres, etc, from the cotton are passed through the spacing of the bars and is collected outside the grid bar.

KIRSCHNER BEATER :

 Working principle:

Kirschner   Beater   has 3 arms like 3 Bladed   beater   but    in  place   of blades there are wooden lag(5.5 inch wide)    carrying   a large   no. of steel pins (24 Rows) and inclined in the   direction of   rotation   and project about 3/8 inch from surface    of    wooden lag.     So,    instead of beating ,here    combing action is achieved.The sheet of cotton delivered from feed roll is combed by the revolving steel pins of the beater against the grid across the width of the machine. Lighter impurities are thoroughly extracted from cotton and passed through the grid bars.

Object:  To comb and extract the lighter impurities from cotton.

SCUTCHER:

In addition to the other functions of blowroom machines, the scutcher has to form a lap for supplying material to the  cards. Previously, most of these machines were double scutchers; they had two beater positions and two pairs of perforated drums. Machines delivered in recent years have been almost exclusively single scutchers: they have only one beater position (Kirschner beater) and only one pair of perforated drums or even a single drum.

Following are 3 types of scutcher:

 1.Breaker scutcher

2.Finisher scutcher 

3.single process scutcher.

Working system:

Tow way distributor  distribute the cotton from opening   andcleaning line of Blow room line into two scutcher equally. Condenser with fan  Suck the material from  two way distributor and feed it to the reserve bin of hopper feeder. Hopper feeder     ( with Reserve feed & delivery ) mix,   comb,  open and clean the cotton.    At last it provide uniform feeding   of cotton upon the lattice, across the full width of scutcher. Pedal feed motion   control the feed and maintain the weight of  cotton   fed   per   unit   time   as   constant    for   lap     weight     unitormity.3 Bladed Beater   Open and clean the cotton.Cage   with   fan     Suck the   material    from   Bladed   beater,

extract the lighter impurities and it provide uniform feeding as a 3 sheet form on lattice across the full width of the scutcher. Again one set of pedal feed motion, 2 Bladed Beater &   cage with fan is  placed     and     above     mentioned  works are achieved/repeated.At last, calender   Roller   section   Compress the   sheet   ofwhich is delivered from cage.Compressed sheet of cotton now pass under the dead roller. and is wound on lap roller, which is called lap.

Objects of the scutcher :

i) To further break down and clean the cotton tufts by a beater

ii) To convert the mass of cotton fibres into a   uniform thick   sheet of cotton both longitudinally and   transversely   and      wound in the form of a compactly built lap.

CONDENSER:

Fan connected with Condenser suck the material from previous machine   through pneumatic pipe and deposit it into    the   Reserve tower   which  feeds to the next machine in the   blow   room   lineThis   condensor is employed to feed cotton to Hopper  feeder of scutcher, step cleaner, etc, Suction   for conveying the fibre from machine to machine   is created by the fan connected to the condenser.

The fibre condensed on to the rotating surface of the cage is removed by the wiper roller and deposited into the reserve feed tower.

                The   condenser   and reserve tower   unit    provide    sufficient production   and reserve of fibre to meet all demands by the   next machine.

Control     or   production   is   exercised   by   a   photo     cell arrangement   in   the   tower unit which   monitor     the   height   of reserve   fibres   and   signals    stop    or    start    commands    to   the preceding machine.